一部关于一位认为时间循环真实存在的科学家的纪录片
4 分•作者: undefbehavior•22 天前
当前推动人工智能数据中心规模化发展的共识基于两个假设：
* 人脑是一个不涉及量子效应的生物计算机。
* 人脑不解决计算上“困难”的问题（NP-hard/PSPACE）；它只是运行高效的启发式近似算法。
在这些假设下，扩展经典的计算架构最终将能够媲美人脑的认知能力。
基于此，我制作了一部纪录片。去年夏天，我跟随丹麦生物医学工程系的教学教授 Henrik Kjeldsen，他认为上述假设是错误的。他相信人脑正在解决困难的问题，并且是通过利用量子效应来实现的。
Henrik 在顶尖的物理学和哲学会议上展示了他的观点，我记录了这一切。他与一些知名的物理学家进行了交流，他们试图评估他的观点是否有价值，还是仅仅是妄想。这部影片并不轻松。早期观看者表示，它让他们联想到了现实版的电影《前目的地》（Primer）。
Henrik 论点的核心在于颠覆了关于两篇著名计算机科学论文的共识：
**Aaronson/Watrous 反转**
2009 年，Aaronson 和 Watrous 证明，一台连接到闭合类时曲线（CTC）的经典计算机可以达到 PSPACE 的计算能力。这被用作反对 CTC 的不可能证明，因为它们会违反扩展丘奇-图灵论题（ECTT）。Henrik 得出了相反的结论：如果一个时间循环赋予经典机器比我们认为当前形式的量子计算机所能达到的更强大的能力，那么时间循环不仅是真实的，而且是根本性的。这意味着量子力学只是伪装的时间循环。
https://arxiv.org/abs/0808.2669
**漏洞**
Todd Brun 在 2003 年的一篇论文中展示了经典计算机如何通过算法与 CTC 交互来解决困难问题，但这会产生一个不符合物理规律的悖论（将信息发送到过去）。Henrik 发现，如果将 Brun 的伪代码中“FINAL”的目标标签向下移动一行，理论上就可以在没有悖论的情况下测试时间循环。（我们采访的物理学家在数学上验证了这一修改，但由于他们认为 CTC 不存在而实际否定了它。）
https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0209061
**生物硬件**
Henrik 获得了享有盛誉的博士学位，他在其中使用声全息术对大脑进行了建模，反对标准的准静态近似。他表明，在坡印廷矢量中，可以将辐射能量与共振能量分离，并且在突触重塑发生的慢波 δ 睡眠期间，虚数值会升高。他的解释是，大脑中发生了量子隧穿，这是时空中时间循环的一种表现，用于解决经典的 LIFO 模型无法解决的全局、计算上困难的问题（修剪）。
https://theses.ncl.ac.uk/jspui/handle/10443/2454
**启示**
如果属实，这意味着我们正在建造的大型数据中心注定无法实现预期目标。
完整的 2 小时纪录片在这里：https://youtu.be/yTQa3O7Qlm4。
我很乐意回答有关制作的任何问题。我没有资格判断 Henrik 的提议是妄想还是革命性的。所以我将 Henrik 和他的想法呈现在了世界顶尖科学家面前，并打开了录音。
查看原文
The current consensus driving the scale-up of AI data centers rests on two assumptions:<p>The human brain is a biological computer operating without quantum effects.<p>The human brain does not solve computationally "hard" problems (NP-hard / PSPACE); it merely runs efficient heuristic approximations.<p>Under these assumptions scaling classical compute architectures will eventually match biological cognitive capacity.<p>With this in mind I made a documentary. Last summer I followed Henrik Kjeldsen, a Teaching Professor of Biomedical Engineering in Denmark, who argues the assumptions above are backwards. He believes the brain is solving hard problems, and it does so by utilizing quantum effects.<p>Henrik presented his ideas at leading fundamental physics and philosophy conferences, and I recorded it all. He interacted with well known physicists as they attempted to grapple with determining if his ideas have merit or if they are a delusion. It's not a hand holder. Early commenters on the video say it reminds them of a real-world Primer.
The core of Henrik's argument rests on flipping the consensus around on two famous computer science papers:<p>The Aaronson/Watrous Reversal<p>In 2009, Aaronson and Watrous showed that a classical computer connected to a Closed Timelike Curve (CTC) could achieve P-SPACE computing power. This is used as an impossibility proof against CTCs, since they would violate the Extended Church-Turing Thesis (ECTT). Henrik came to the opposite conclusion: If a Time Loop gives a classical machine more power than what we think a current form of a Quantum Computer can achieve, then Time Loops are not only real, they are fundamental. Meaning Quantum Mechanics is just Time Loops in disguise.<p>https://arxiv.org/abs/0808.2669<p>The Loophole<p>A 2003 paper by Todd Brun showed how a classical computer can algorithmically interact with a CTC to solve hard problems, but it leaves an unphysical violation (sending information to the past). Henrik found that if you move the target label of 'FINAL' one line down in Brun's pseudo-code, you can theoretically test for Time Loops without paradox. (The physicists we interviewed validated this modification mathematically, but dismiss it practically because they believe CTCs aren't real).<p>https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0209061<p>The Biological Hardware<p>Henrik earned a prestigious PhD, in it he modeled the brain using acoustical holography, arguing against the standard quasi-static approximation. He showed that within the Poynting vector, you can separate radiated energy from resonant energy, and that the imaginary value rises during slow-wave delta sleep (when synaptic rescaling occurs). His interpretation is that quantum tunneling is happening in the brain, acting as an expression of Time Loops in spacetime to solve a global, computationally hard problem (pruning) that classical LIFO models fail at.<p>https://theses.ncl.ac.uk/jspui/handle/10443/2454<p>The Implication<p>If true, it means we are building massive data centers that are destined to not deliver.
The full 2-hour doc is here: https://youtu.be/yTQa3O7Qlm4.<p>Happy to answer any questions about the production. I am not qualified to know if what Henrik is proposing is delusional or revolutionary. So I put Henrik and his idea in front of the world's top scientists, and hit record.