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我一直对摆脱大多数西方人熟悉的、离散的、孤立的生活方式很感兴趣。想象一下，一个人、一对夫妇或一个核心家庭住在自己的房产上，而不与邻居或大家庭共享资源。这里有各种各样的替代方案，从多代同堂的家庭到拥有千余人的“有意”社区。一些较大的例子包括阿姆斯特丹的克里斯蒂安尼亚或苏黎世的亨齐克尔区等城市社区，当然还有更传统的乡村公社——这些公社通常是在 60 年代末和 70 年代的反主流文化革命期间建立的。据我所知，大多数例子都有某种“意图”，而不仅仅是存在。例如低能耗（例如所谓的 2000 瓦社会，如亨齐克尔区）、共同的宗教或精神信仰，或一些其他基本原则，如对环境的关注。这些社区经常共享的另一件事是某种形式的企业。我个人熟悉的例子包括果园、蜂产品和毛皮产品（均为乡村范例）。这些社区的运作方式有很多种，失败的方式可能更多。我看到的一些问题包括：联合企业失败而未能成功转向其他项目；如何超越创始一代的问题（例如，土地变得有价值，导致早期成员不愿接纳新成员并稀释他们的“财富”）；以及激烈的个人政治（这很讽刺，因为人们常常被摆脱尔虞我诈和主流政治的可能性所吸引）。我很幸运，在童年时期就体验了许多不同的生活安排。一个“嬉皮士”公社，然后是一个毛利人传统社区（新西兰）。典型的核心家庭。多代同堂的家庭生活。和几个室友一起。和十几个室友一起。独自一人。和伴侣一起。在一处大型城市房产上，有三处住宅和共享的花园。所有这些都有其优点和缺点，我经常思考什么可能是我的理想。我喜欢我的私人空间。我不喜欢严格的意识形态。我喜欢和很多人一起坐下来吃晚餐，为他人烹饪或与他人一起烹饪，分享项目（不过度强求！），共享资源（如工作室），为年幼的孩子提供一个可以一起玩耍的安全空间，等等……我非常想了解别人的经历。您是否曾生活在某种另类的集体安排中？您是否住在附近？您见过哪些方式是可行的？哪些是不可行的？

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I’ve always been interested in alternatives to the discrete, isolated mode of living that most Westerners are familiar with. Think an individual, couple, or nuclear family living on their own property without sharing resources with neighbours or extended family.<p>There are a wide range of alternatives out there, from multigenerational households to ‘intentional’ communities of over 1000 people. Some of the larger examples include urban communities like Christiania in Amsterdam or Hunziker Areal in Zurich and of course the more traditional rural communes - often founded during the counter-culture revolution of the late 60s and 70s. Most examples that I’m aware of have some kind of ‘intention’ other than simply existing. Things like low energy use (e.g. so called 2000 watt societies like Hunziker Areal), shared religious or spiritual beliefs, or some other foundational principals like concern for the environment. Another thing that a lot of these communities often share is some kind of enterprise. Some examples I’m personally familiar with are orchards, bee products, and fur products (all rural examples).<p>There are so many ways that these communities can work and probably even more ways that they can fail. A few problems I’ve seen are a failing joint enterprise without a successful pivot to something else, the issue of moving beyond the founding generation (e.g. the land becoming valuable leading to a reticence to bring in new members and dilute the early member’s ‘wealth’), and intense personal politics (ironic given that people are often attracted by the possibility of leaving the rat race and mainstream politics).<p>I’ve been lucky enough to experience living in lots of different arrangements. A ‘hippy’ commune and then a marae (traditional māori community in NZ) as a child. The typical nuclear family situation. Multigenerational family living. With a couple of housemates. With a dozen housemates. Alone. With a partner. On a large urban property with three dwellings and shared gardens.<p>All have had their advantages and disadvantages, and I often think about what might be my ideal. I like my private space. I don’t like strict ideology. I like sitting down to dinner with a lot of people, cooking for and with others, sharing projects (without too much obligation!), sharing resources (like a workshop), having a safe space for young children to roam together, the list goes on… I’m really curious about other people’s experiences. Have you lived in some kind of alternative communal arrangement? Do you live near one? What have you seen work? What doesn’t?

HN 提问：你见过哪些另类社群运作成功或失败的例子，以及原因是什么？